{
    "id": 1285,
    "date": "2023-02-14T05:08:55",
    "date_gmt": "2023-02-14T04:08:55",
    "guid": {
        "rendered": "http:\/\/alisageissstaging.com\/?page_id=1285"
    },
    "modified": "2023-07-19T12:34:22",
    "modified_gmt": "2023-07-19T10:34:22",
    "slug": "working-area-4",
    "status": "publish",
    "type": "page",
    "link": "http:\/\/elements.science\/de\/what-we-do\/working-area-4\/",
    "title": {
        "rendered": "Working Area 4"
    },
    "content": {
        "rendered": "<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1285\" class=\"elementor elementor-1285\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fedd60b elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fedd60b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-279f14a1\" data-id=\"279f14a1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-338005b8 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"338005b8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;],&quot;sticky_parent&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f281409\" data-id=\"4f281409\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e344b17 elementor-button-info elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3e344b17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-lg\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">4<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2f3914be\" data-id=\"2f3914be\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69978476 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"69978476\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Working Area<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b93468f elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"7b93468f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2acf268 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2acf268\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75046fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"75046fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What Working Area 4 does<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28af8814 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"28af8814\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The properties of NSs are deduced mainly through the observations of their EM radiation. Isolated NSs, as well as violent processes involving NSs, such as X-ray bursts and BNS mergers, are characterized by extraordinarily intense EM signatures via X-ray and gamma-ray emissions, kilonova signals and GWs (WA2), all of which are routinely detected by numerous Earth- and\/or space-based instruments. The observed light-curves of X-ray bursts and kilonovae reflect the complex microphysical processes at play in these cosmic events. Based on the nuclear-physics inputs provided by WA1-WA3, in this WA we will model the corresponding EM light-curves and compare them to observations. Furthermore, because of the presence of strong EM fields, general-relativistic and QED effects can play an important role and will be addressed in this WA.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b80ba25 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b80ba25\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2f1b9a6\" data-id=\"2f1b9a6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c94d3a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8c94d3a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"312\" height=\"246\" src=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Bild1.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-11360\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Bild1.webp 312w, https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Bild1-300x237.webp 300w, https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Bild1-15x12.webp 15w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 312px) 100vw, 312px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Reference of the figure: A. Arcones, S. Rosswog, 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.116.121101 .<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-afe9d4c\" data-id=\"afe9d4c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b25a0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7b25a0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"246\" src=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Bild2.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-11361\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Bild2.webp 250w, https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Bild2-12x12.webp 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"> Reference of the figure: 10.1126\/science.aaq0049, \u00a9 Copyright: APS<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f258c62 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f258c62\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"519\" src=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Bild3-768x519-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-11362\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Bild3-768x519-1.webp 768w, https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Bild3-768x519-1-300x203.webp 300w, https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Bild3-768x519-1-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"> Reference of the figure: NASA<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27bdfe20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"27bdfe20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The properties of NSs are deduced mainly through the observations of their EM radiation. Isolated NSs, as well as violent processes involving NSs, such as X-ray bursts and BNS mergers, are characterized by extraordinarily intense EM signatures via X-ray and gamma-ray emissions, kilonova signals and GWs (WA2), all of which are routinely detected by numerous Earth- and\/or space-based instruments. The observed light-curves of X-ray bursts and kilonovae reflect the complex microphysical processes at play in these cosmic events. Based on the nuclear-physics inputs provided by WA1-WA3, in this WA we will model the corresponding EM light-curves and compare them to observations. Furthermore, because of the presence of strong EM fields, general-relativistic and QED effects can play an important role and will be addressed in this WA.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64e0624 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"64e0624\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63a64a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"63a64a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kilonova: EM signatures of r-process nucleosynthesis<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68512301 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68512301\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>ELEMENTS will develop kilonova models able to predict not only the bolometric light curve but also the spectral evolution based on the most accurate simulations in full general relativity which account for realistic EOSs, the presence of strong magnetic fields, and sophisticated models for the radiative impact of neutrino emission and absorption.<br \/>With the goal of providing urgently needed accurate data for benchmarking atomic-structure codes used for calculations of EM opacities, we will employ the low-energy storage ring CRYRING@ESR. Within ELEMENTS, we will develop instrumentation at CRYRING@ESR to address experimentally the structure of ionized atoms in the lanthanide region. CRYRING@ESR will be developed into a world-unique laboratory-astrophysics facility, well beyond its defined role in GSI\/FAIR research.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a99dbe2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a99dbe2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"504\" src=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Fig.-14_1-768x504-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-11363\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Fig.-14_1-768x504-1.webp 768w, https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Fig.-14_1-768x504-1-300x197.webp 300w, https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Fig.-14_1-768x504-1-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Light curve observations for AT2017gfo compared with a light curve model that assumes production of r-process nuclei in solar proportions up to a minimum value Amin [Wu]. DOI: 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.122.062701<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-293bdc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"293bdc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"743\" height=\"889\" src=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Fig.14_2.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-11364\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Fig.14_2.webp 743w, https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Fig.14_2-251x300.webp 251w, https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Fig.14_2-10x12.webp 10w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 743px) 100vw, 743px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Evolution of the spectra for AT2017gfo showing the identification of absorption lines associated to Sr [Watson]. DOI: 10.1038\/s41586-019-1676-<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f38f8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1f38f8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9dd8b06 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9dd8b06\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">EM radiation from isolated and accreting NS<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ffbd1e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ffbd1e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The properties of atmospheres of isolated and accreting NS and the transport of EM radiation through such environments are not fully understood. ELEMENTS aims at understanding the properties of EM radiation in the presence of strong EM fields. In a low-mass X-ray binary system, a NS mainly accretes hydrogen and helium from its less-evolved companion star until a thermonuclear explosion occurs and is followed by a rapid proton-capture nucleosynthesis process (rp-process), revealed in space by an intense EM signature, i.e., an X-ray burst. ELEMENTS will constrain the light-curves of the X- ray bursts through precision measurements of key nuclear reactions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3782db elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d3782db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"247\" src=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Fig.15-768x247-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-11365\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Fig.15-768x247-1.webp 768w, https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Fig.15-768x247-1-300x96.webp 300w, https:\/\/elements.science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Fig.15-768x247-1-18x6.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Storage and trapping facilities at GSI\/FAIR available for research within ELEMENTS<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed6ed6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed6ed6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The following milestones have been formulated in work area 4:<\/p><ul><li>Provide an advanced theoretical description of the r-process in BNS mergers and predictions of the spectral energy distribution<\/li><li>Establish the experiment for high-precision investigations of medium-charged heavy ions at the CRYRING@ESR stand-alone operation<\/li><li>Carry out high-precision experiments with highly-charged ions at the ESR, CRYRING@ESR and HITRAP<\/li><li>Develop reaction technique using CRYRING@ESR storage ring to study key proton- and alpha-induced reactions for the rp-process<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4b72440 sticky-column\" data-id=\"4b72440\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-65df1f40 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"65df1f40\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" 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class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47954e80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"47954e80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Electromagnetic signals from compact stars<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c80282d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c80282d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><div><div><div><div><p>In this Working Area ELEMENTS will compare the abundances of heavy elements and the kilonova light-curvespredicted by numerical simulations (Arcones, Mart\u00ednez-Pinedo) with the astronomical observations to constrain and understand the impact of the microphysics on the simulations and the nucleosynthesis (Bauswein, Rezzolla).<\/p><p>Precision studies, to be performed for bare and H-like uranium at the GSI\/FAIR storage rings, will provide detailed information about the relativistic and especially magnetic-interaction effects on the electron-photon coupling (Schippers, St\u00f6hlker).<\/p><p>Astronomical observation of the composition of the debris produced by BNS mergers will reveal the emission and absorption features from heavy ions. Furthermore, accurate recombination-rate coefficients of heavy ions will be measured at the FAIR ion-storage rings (Bai, Litvinov, Reifarth, Schippers, St\u00f6hlker) for a reliable determination of elemental abundances from the astronomical observations.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b04d967 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b04d967\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><div><p>Working Area 4 Representative: <a class=\"ek-link\" href=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/principal-investigators\/gabriel-martinez-pinedo\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Gabriel Mart\u00ednez-Pinedo<\/a><\/p><p>Working Area 4 Deputy Representative: <a href=\"https:\/\/elements.science\/team\/wa-representative\/camilla-juul-hansen\/\">Camilla Juul Hansen<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-747937ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"747937ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><div><div><div><p style=\";line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;\"><em style=\"color: #4d4943 !important;\">Principal Investigators: A. 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